Tzu Chi Medical Journal
Volume 22, Issue 2 , Pages 73-81 , June 2010

The Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease

  • Shin-Yuan Chen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    • Division of Functional Neuroscience, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    • Department of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, Taiwan
  • ,
  • Sheng-Tzung Tsai

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    • Division of Functional Neuroscience, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    • Department of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

Received 21 December 2009 ,Revised 1 April 2010 ,Accepted 20 April 2010.

References 

  1. Dowding CH , Shenton CL , Salek SS . A review of the health-related quality of life and economic impact of Parkinson's disease . Drugs Aging . 2006;23:693–721
  2. Janca A . Parkinson's disease from WHO perspective and a public health point of view . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2002;9:3–6
  3. Tanner CM . Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease . Neurol Clin . 1992;10:317–329
  4. Tanner CM , Goldman SM . Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease . Neurol Clin . 1996;14:317–335
  5. von Campenhausen S , Bornschein B , Wick R , et al.   Prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease in Europe . Eur Neuropsychopharmacol . 2005;15:473–490
  6. Zhang ZX , Roman GC . Worldwide occurrence of Parkinson's disease: an updated review . Neuroepidemiology . 1993;12:195–208
  7. Milanov I , Kmetska K , Karakolev B , Nedialkov E . Prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Bulgaria . Neuroepidemiology . 2001;20:212–214
  8. Sanchez JL , Buritica O , Pineda D , Uribe CS , Palacio LG . Prevalence of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism in a Colombian population using the capture-recapture method . Int J Neurosci . 2004;114:175–182
  9. McCann SJ , LeCouteur DG , Green AC , et al.   The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease in an Australian population . Neuroepidemiology . 1998;17:310–317
  10. Svenson LW . Regional disparities in the annual prevalence rates of Parkinson's disease in Canada . Neuroepidemiology . 1991;10:205–210
  11. Strickland D , Bertoni JM , Pfeiffer RF . Descriptive epidemiology of Parkinson's disease through proxy measures . Can J Neurol Sci . 1996;23:279–284
  12. Tandberg E , Larsen JP , Nessler EG , Riise T , Aarli JA . The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease in the county of Rogaland, Norway . Mov Disord . 1995;10:541–549
  13. Wang SJ , Fuh JL , Teng EL , et al.   A door-to-door survey of Parkinson's disease in a Chinese population in Kinmen . Arch Neurol . 1996;53:66–71
  14. Zhang ZX , Anderson DW , Huang JB , et al.   Prevalence of Parkinson's disease and related disorders in the elderly population of greater Beijing, China . Mov Disord . 2003;18:764–772
  15. Wang SJ , Fuh JL , Liu CY , et al.   Parkinson's disease in Kin-Hu, Kinmen: a community survey by neurologists . Neuroepidemiology . 1994;13:69–74
  16. Tan LC , Venketasubramanian N , Jamora RD , Heng D . Incidence of Parkinson's disease in Singapore . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2007;13:40–43
  17. Gorell JM , Rybicki BA , Cole Johnson C , Peterson EL . Occupational metal exposures and the risk of Parkinson's disease . Neuroepidemiology . 1999;18:303–308
  18. Elbaz A , Tranchant C . Epidemiologic studies of environmental exposures in Parkinson's disease . J Neurol Sci . 2007;262:37–44
  19. Nuti A , Ceravolo R , Dell'Agnello G , et al.   Environmental factors and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in the Tuscany region of Italy . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2004;10:481–485
  20. Paganini-Hill A . Risk factors for Parkinson's disease: the leisure world cohort study . Neuroepidemiology . 2001;20:118–124
  21. Taylor CA , Saint-Hilaire MH , Cupples LA , et al.   Environmental, medical, and family history risk factors for Parkinson's disease: a New England-based case control study . Am J Med Genet . 1999;88:742–749
  22. Clark LN , Ross BM , Wang Y , et al.   Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene are associated with early-onset Parkinson disease . Neurology . 2007;69:1270–1277
  23. Punia S , Behari M , Govindappa ST , et al.   Absence/rarity of commonly reported LRRK2 mutations in Indian Parkinson's disease patients . Neurosci Lett . 2006;409:83–88
  24. Madegowda RH , Kishore A , Anand A . Mutational screening of the parkin gene among South Indians with early onset Parkinson's disease . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry . 2005;76:1588–1590
  25. Tan LC , Venketasubramanian N , Hong CY , et al.   Prevalence of Parkinson disease in Singapore: Chinese vs Malays vs Indians . Neurology . 2004;62:1999–2004
  26. Galanaud JP , Elbaz A , Clavel J , et al.   Cigarette smoking and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in a population characterized by a high prevalence of pesticide exposure . Mov Disord . 2005;20:181–189
  27. Lai BC , Marion SA , Teschke K , Tsui JK . Occupational and environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2002;8:297–309
  28. Hu G , Bidel S , Jousilahti P , Antikainen R , Tuomilehto J . Coffee and tea consumption and the risk of Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2007;22:2242–2248
  29. Chen H , Zhang SM , Schwarzschild MA , Hernan MA , Ascherio A . Physical activity and the risk of Parkinson disease . Neurology . 2005;64:664–669
  30. Hu G , Jousilahti P , Nissinen A , Antikainen R , Kivipelto M , Tuomilehto J . Body mass index and the risk of Parkinson disease . Neurology . 2006;67:1955–1959
  31. Thacker EL , O'Reilly EJ , Weisskopf MG , et al.   Temporal relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of Parkinson disease . Neurology . 2007;68:764–768
  32. Zorzon M , Capus L , Pellegrino A , Cazzato G , Zivadinov R . Familial and environmental risk factors in Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in north-east Italy . Acta Neurol Scand . 2002;105:77–82
  33. Ritz B , Ascherio A , Checkoway H , et al.   Pooled analysis of tobacco use and risk of Parkinson disease . Arch Neurol . 2007;64:990–997
  34. Dong JQ , Zhang QH , Jiang ZX , et al.   Cigarette smoking and Parkinson's disease: a population based case-control study . Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi . 2003;24:604–607
  35. Behari M , Srivastava AK , Das RR , Pandey RM . Risk factors of Parkinson's disease in Indian patients . J Neurol Sci . 2001;190:49–55
  36. Alonso A , Rodriguez LAG , Logroscino G , Hernan MA . Gout and risk of Parkinson disease: a prospective study . Neurology . 2007;69:1696–1700
  37. Simon KC , Chen H , Schwarzschild M , Ascherio A . Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and risk of Parkinson disease . Neurology . 2007;69:1688–1695
  38. Ragothaman M , Murgod UA , Gururaj G , Kumaraswamy SD , Muthane U . Lower risk of Parkinson's disease in an admixed population of European and Indian origins . Mov Disord . 2003;18:912–914
  39. Shulman LM , Taback RL , Rabinstein AA , Weiner WJ . Nonrecognition of depression and other non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2002;8:193–197
  40. Shulman LM , Taback RL , Bean J , Weiner WJ . Comorbidity of the nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2001;16:507–510
  41. Chaudhuri KR , Healy DG , Schapira AH . Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: diagnosis and management . Lancet Neurol . 2006;5:235–245
  42. Krogh K , Ostergaard K , Sabroe S , Laurberg S . Clinical aspects of bowel symptoms in Parkinson's disease . Acta Neurol Scand . 2008;117:60–64
  43. Porter B , Macfarlane R , Walker R . The frequency and nature of sleep disorders in a community-based population of patients with Parkinson's disease . Eur J Neurol . 2008;15:50–54
  44. Vendette M , Gagnon JF , Decary A , et al.   REM sleep behavior disorder predicts cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease without dementia . Neurology . 2007;69:1843–1849
  45. Aarsland D , Larsen JP , Lim NG , et al.   Range of neuropsychiatric disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry . 1999;67:492–496
  46. Hely MA , Morris JG , Reid WG , Trafficante R . Sydney Multicenter Study of Parkinson's disease: non-L-dopa-responsive problems dominate at 15 years . Mov Disord . 2005;20:190–199
  47. Aarsland D , Zaccai J , Brayne C . A systematic review of prevalence studies of dementia in Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2005;20:1255–1263
  48. Riedel O , Klotsche J , Spottke A , et al.   Cognitive impairment in 873 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Results from the German Study on Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease with Dementia (GEPAD) . J Neurol . 2008;255:255–264
  49. McDonald WM , Richard IH , DeLong MR . Prevalence, etiology, and treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease . Biol Psychiatry . 2003;54:363–375
  50. Burn DJ . Beyond the iron mask: towards better recognition and treatment of depression associated with Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2002;17:445–454
  51. Wichowicz HM , Slawek J , Derejko M , Cubala WJ . Factors associated with depression in Parkinson's disease: a crosssectional study in a Polish population . Eur Psychiatry . 2006;21:516–520
  52. Tandberg E , Larsen JP , Aarsland D , Laake K , Cummings JL . Risk factors for depression in Parkinson disease . Arch Neurol . 1997;54:625–630
  53. Remy P , Doder M , Lees A , Turjanski N , Brooks D . Depression in Parkinson's disease: loss of dopamine and noradrenaline innervation in the limbic system . Brain . 2005;128:1314–1322
  54. Weintraub D , Moberg PJ , Duda JE , Katz IR , Stern MB . Effect of psychiatric and other nonmotor symptoms on disability in Parkinson's disease . J Am Geriatr Soc . 2004;52:784–788
  55. Sakakibara R , Uchiyama T , Yamanishi T , Kishi M . Genitourinary dysfunction in Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2010;25:2–12
  56. Leibner J , Ramjit A , Sedig L , et al.   The impact of and the factors associated with drooling in Parkinson's disease . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2010 Jan 12; [Epub ahead of print]
  57. Nataraj A , Rajput AH . Parkinson's disease, stroke, and related epidemiology . Mov Disord . 2005;20:1476–1480
  58. Findley L , Aujla M , Bain PG , et al.   Direct economic impact of Parkinson's disease: a research survey in the United Kingdom . Mov Disord . 2003;18:1139–1145
  59. McInerney-Leo A , Gwinn-Hardy K , Nussbaum RL . Prevalence of Parkinson's disease in populations of African ancestry: a review . J Natl Med Assoc . 2004;96:974–979
  60. Keranen T , Kaakkola S , Sotaniemi K , et al.   Economic burden and quality of life impairment increase with severity of PD . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2003;9:163–168
  61. Guttman M , Slaughter PM , Theriault ME , DeBoer DP , Naylor CD . Burden of parkinsonism: a population-based study . Mov Disord . 2003;18:313–319
  62. Spottke AE , Reuter M , Machat O , et al.   Cost of illness and its predictors for Parkinson's disease in Germany . Pharmacoeconomics . 2005;23:817–836
  63. McCrone P , Allcock LM , Burn DJ . Predicting the cost of Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2007;22:804–812
  64. Fraix V , Houeto JL , Lagrange C , et al.   Clinical and economic results of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry . 2006;77:443–449
  65. Valldeoriola F , Morsi O , Tolosa E , Rumia J , Marti MJ , Martinez-Martin P . Prospective comparative study on costeffectiveness of subthalamic stimulation and best medical treatment in advanced Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2007;22:2183–2191
  66. Roland KP , Jerkins ME , Johnson AM . An exploration of the burden experienced by spousal caregivers of individuals with Parkinson's disease . Mov Disord . 2010;25:185–193
  67. Slawek J , Derejko M , Lass P . Factors affecting the quality of life of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease-a cross-sectional study in outpatient clinic attendees . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2005;11:465–468
  68. Tickle-Degnen L , Ellis T , Saint-Hilaire MH , Thomas CA , Wagenaar RC . Self-management rehabilitation and healthrelated quality of life in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial . Mov Disord . 2010;25:194–204
  69. Winter Y , von Campenhausen S , Popov G , et al.   Social and clinical determinants of quality of life in Parkinson's disease in a Russian cohort study . Parkinsonism Relat Disord . 2010;16:243–248

PII: S1016-3190(10)60044-4

doi: 10.1016/S1016-3190(10)60044-4

Tzu Chi Medical Journal
Volume 22, Issue 2 , Pages 73-81 , June 2010